Pre-stressed glass roll

ABSTRACT

A glass roll includes at least one glass film and one intermediate material one on top of the other in at least two layers onto a winding core. The glass film layers are held in place by the intermediate material layers. The glass roll is produced with a method including provision of a glass film, a winding core and a compressible intermediate material. At least one inside layer of the intermediate material is wound onto the winding core. The glass film and the intermediate material are wound onto the winding core in such a manner that the glass film is wound onto the winding core in alternating layers with the intermediate material. The intermediate material and/or the glass film is wound at a tensile stress acting in a longitudinal direction which causes a compression of the intermediate material and holds the glass film end in place on the glass roll.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation of PCT Application No. PCT/EP2012/004169,entitled “PRE-STRESSED GLASS ROLL”, filed Oct. 5, 2012, which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a glass roll consisting of a glass filmwhich is wound onto a winding core with an intermediate material betweenthe individual glass film layers.

2. Description of the Related Art

For greatly diverse applications, such as for example in the field ofconsumer electronics for example as glass covers, for organiclight-emitting diode (OLED) light sources or for thin or curved displaydevices, or in the field or regenerative energies or energy technology,such as solar cells, thin glass is increasing used. Examples for thisare touch panels, capacitors, thin film batteries, flexible circuitboards, flexible OLED's, flexible photo-voltaic modules or alsoe-papers. Thin glass is moving into focus more and more for manyapplications due to its excellent characteristics such as resistance tochemicals, temperature changes and heat, gas tightness, high electricinsulation properties, customized coefficient of expansion, flexibility,high optical quality and light transparency and also high surfacequality with very low roughness due to a fire-polished surface of thetwo thin glass entities. Thin glass is herein to be understood to beglass films having thicknesses of less than approximately 1.2millimeters (mm) to thicknesses of 15 micrometers (μm) and smaller. Dueto its flexibility thin glass in the embodiment of a glass film isincreasingly wound after production and stored as a glass roll, ortransported for cutting to size and further processing. After anintermediate treatment, for example coating or cutting to size, theglass film can again be wound in a roll-to roll process and supplied toan additional application. Compared to storing and transporting flatmaterial, winding of the glass includes the advantage of a more costeffective compact storage, transport and handling during furtherprocessing.

With all of the excellent characteristics, glass as a brittle materialgenerally possesses a lower fracturing resistance since it is lessresistant against tensile stress. When bending the glass stresses occuron the outer surface of the bent glass. For fracture-free storing andfracture-free transport of such a glass roll the quality and integrityof the edges are of importance in the first instance, in order to avoida crack or fracture in the wound or curved glass roll. Even damage tothe edges such as minute cracks, for example micro-cracks, can becomethe cause and the point of origin for larger cracks or fractures in theglass film. Moreover, because of the tension on the top side of thewound or curved glass film, integrity and freedom of the surface fromscratches, grooves and other surface defects is important in order toavoid the development of a crack or fracture in the wound or curvedglass film. Thirdly, manufacture related interior stresses in the glassshould be as small as possible or nonexistent in order to avoiddevelopment of a crack or fracture in the wound glass film. Since incommercial manufacturing all three factors can only be optimized to alimited extent, the vulnerability of fractures occurring in such a woundglass is further increased relative to the already existing limits ofits material characteristics. Special precautions and conditions aretherefore important for storage and transportation of such a glass, inorder to avoid damage to the glass.

Firstly, oscillation or vibration of individual or all glass film layerson the glass roll is a problem. Moreover, an axial shifting of the woundglass as a whole on the winding core can lead to damage. Moreover, anaxially lateral shifting of individual or of all glass film rollsrelative to each other is extremely critical. The glass film layers arethen positioned offset on top of one another, so that protruding edgeregions occur which are very fragile. This effect is described in thisinstance as telescoping of the glass film layers, or respectively of theglass roll. In particular, a region protruding relative to another glassfilm layer of another, or of several other glass film layers canfracture or crack, for example from jolts, bumps or contact from theoutside, or by oscillation or vibration. This means that in thiscondition the protruding regions of the glass film are unprotected inthe glass roll structure.

It is also to be avoided that particulate inclusions between the glassfilm layers cause damage. On the one hand, they can scratch the surfacewhich is facilitated by shifting or movement of the glass film layersrelative to each other, or can lead to a crack or fracture due topunctiform compressive load.

In order to avoid a fracture caused in the thin glass by dirt particlesbetween the glass surfaces, it is suggested in International PublicationWO 87/06626 a method for coating of thin glass in the roll-to-rollprocess, utilizing a glass roll to use one or several layers of amaterial such as a plastic film which is non-abrasive for glass betweenthe glass layers. The plastic film can be a polymer such as a polyesteror poly-ethylene and can also contain an embossed pattern in order toprotect the metal or metal oxide coating on the glass. No solution isthereby offered to the problem of lateral shifting or oscillation orvibration of the glass film layers. Also, no solution is offered inregard to the problem of an interaction between the glass surface or thecoated surface and the intermediate layer material.

In connection with manufacture and winding a glass film U.S. Pat. No.3,622,298 only suggests the use of a packing paper as an intermediatelayer between the glass film layers without addressing the problem ofshifting, oscillation or vibration of the glass film layers, for exampleduring transport.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,089,801 discloses use of packing paper or aluminum foil,whereby the paper is adhered onto the thin glass as a removablereinforcement material. This is intended to provide greater strength tothe glass during bending and handling, thereby also protecting it fromfracturing during winding. This measure however does not prevent thecause of possible fractures of a glass film on a glass roll, which occurthrough shifting, oscillation or vibration of the glass film layers, forexample during transport of the glass roll. An adhered paper layer alsoonly prevents the broken pieces coming apart, but does not preventemergence of a crack or fracture.

US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0171417 goes even further andsuggests laminating the thin glass between two layers of plastic priorto winding onto a glass roll, in order to protect the edges. Onepressure sensitive support layer, adhered on one side of the thin glassis suggested which protrudes over the edge of the thin glass. On theother side of the thin glass, a cover layer is applied over the entirearea or only in the region of the edges and protruding over the edges sothat the edges are laminated between two plastic layers and the thinglass is subsequently wound. As in the case of U.S. Pat. No. 3,089,801,no solution is provided here either for prevention of the cause ofpossible fractures of a glass film on a glass roll. The risk offractures in the glass film is also a problem when peeling off theadhering intermediate layers. Moreover, adhering residues of theadhesive, or influences upon the glass surface by the adhesive, areextremely disadvantageous in this suggestion of a solution.

In contrast, International Publication WO 2010/038760 recognized theproblem and suggests the lateral protrusion of a cushioning sheetbetween the glass film layers. The glass roll has a winding core withflanges positioned at a distance from the wound glass. The laterallyprotruding cushioning sheet material is intended to prevent the edges ofthe wound glass film from bumping against a flange and fracture during alateral shift of the entire glass roll on the winding core, or ofindividual glass film layers, or respectively telescoping of the glassfilm layers relative to each other. Here it is also disadvantageous thatno solution is offered to prevent lateral shifting of the glass filmlayers or of the glass on the winding core. The result is that fracturesin the glass occur in spite of the protruding cushioning or intermediatelayers, when the glass roll, for example, telescopes or if the glassfilm layers undergo a sympathetic vibration. A solution is merely to beprovided so that the edges remain at a distance from the flanges duringshifting. It is furthermore disadvantageous that during unwinding of theglass roll the protruding intermediate layers can get caught on oneanother thus unacceptably stressing and fracturing the glass edges.

US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0200812 illustrates windingof a glass ribbon, or respectively a glass film, onto a roll, whereby anintermediate layer is introduced between two layers of the glass film inorder to avoid the occurrence of cracks in a glass film roll. In USPatent Application Publication No. 2011/0200812, the intermediate layerserves only to prevent damage of the glass film and to absorb extremepressure which is exerted upon the glass roll.

International Publication WO 2010/038760 A1 also illustrates a glassroll wherein intermediate layers can be introduced between individualglass layers with the intent of reducing the risk of fractures. Thisdocument also illustrates only the introduction of the intermediatelayer for the purpose of avoiding damage.

International Publication WO 87/06626 illustrates a glass roll whereinthe individual glass layers were provided with a coating, for examplesputtering as a coating process in order to separate the surfaces ofadjacent glass layers in a glass roll. This document also illustratesonly the introduction of the intermediate layer for the purpose ofavoiding contact of adjacent glass layer surfaces and at the edges inthe roll. If the roll is wound too loosely, the glass layers can shiftrelative to each other or can oscillate or vibrate.

What is needed in the art is to prevent the disadvantages describedabove and to provide a glass roll which—in addition to high protectionfor the wound glass—also avoids shifting, oscillation or vibration ofthe glass roll.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a glass roll which includes at least oneglass film and one intermediate material which are wound one on top ofthe other in at least two layers onto a winding core, the glass filmlayers being held in place by the intermediate material layers. Beingheld in place in the current invention means that such forces areproduced inside the glass roll between the wound glass layers, that anas straight as possible wound lateral surface of the wound roll ismaintained with forces acting essentially laterally to the direction ofwinding, and that telescoping of the glass roll is largely avoided.

The inventors recognized that, depending upon the prestress force of theglass ribbon, the friction inside the roll can be influenced, therebymaking it possible to avoid shifting of the glass layers relative toeach other, in other words avoid telescoping of the glass roll.

If a wound roll is considered having wound layers n and a coefficient offriction μ occurs between the layers, and a radial force FR acts, thenthe result for friction FF between the wound product and the core is:

FF=PF*AF*μ=FR*μ*n

The radial force FR corresponds to the prestress force FV which can beadjusted during winding, for example on the intermediate material.Therefore FR=FV applies.

For the wound roll not to telescope it is necessary that the friction isgreater than the force of weight acting upon the wound roll, in otherwords FF>FG. Since the relationship of the friction to the overall masson the innermost glass film layer is the most unfavorable, the woundroll will most likely fail on the innermost layer. The force of weightacting upon the wound roll is described by:

${FG} = {{m*g} = {\left( {t\; 1*b*\pi*\left( {{2r*n} + {2*\left( {{t\; 1} + {t\; 2}} \right)*\left( {n*\frac{n + 1}{2}} \right)}} \right)} \right)*\rho*g}}$

The following identifications are used in the formulas:

FV prestress force

FG force of weight

FR radial force

FF friction (between wound product and core)

n number of layers in wound roll

b material width of glass

r roll radius (core)

t1 glass thickness

t2 intermediate layer thickness

μ coefficient of friction

PF surface pressure

AF affected surface

m overall mass of wound product

p glass density

g=9.81 meters per second squared (m/s²) g-force, g-acceleration

As can be seen from the formula only relatively small prestress forcesFV=FR are required to avoid telescoping of the roll.

It is to the credit of the inventors that they recognized that, with thepreviously asserted connections, it is possible with knowncharacteristics such as

b material width of glass;

r roll radius (core);

t1 glass thickness;

t2 intermediate layer thickness;

μ coefficient of friction; and

p glass density;

to determine the necessary pre-stress force FV with a predeterminednumber n of layers in the wound roll, in order to avoid telescoping ofthe wound glass roll with n number of layers in the wound roll.

The roll core normally has a diameter of 200 to 600 mm and can consistof any stable material such as wood, plastic, cardboard, metal or acomposite material. Its surface may have a suitable non-slip, andpossibly compressible, coating or a textured surface.

The glass film is a continuous long ribbon of a certain predefinedlength, whereby within one glass roll the glass film may be of onecontinuous length, or may consists of several shorter lengths, woundonto one roll. Such glass films normally have a width in the range of300 to 800 mm, and a length of 200 to 1000 m. Such glass films areproduced in a known method in the down-draw-method or in theoverflow-downdraw-fusion-method (see for example InternationalPublication WO 02/051757 A2 for the down-draw-method, as well asInternational Publication WO 03/051783 A1 for theoverflow-downdraw-fusion-method). The formed and drawn continuous ribbonis wound onto a glass roll and its length cut to a specified predefinedlength.

The glass film can hereby consist of any suitable glass type, inparticular of a borosilicate glass or an alumino-borosilicate glass. Toreduce the risk of fractures and the occurrence of cracks duringwinding, the surface can be fire-polished and very smooth. As a resultit can absorb a greater tensile stress on the outside of the bent glassand can be bent to a smaller radius. Depending on the surface roughnessthere is a critical stress level on the surface for each glass where analready present initial crack, whose depth is in the order of magnitudeof the surface roughness, migrates further, destroying the glass(brittle fracture). The thinner the glass is the smaller are thestresses which are created on the surface by a certain bending radius. A100 μm thick glass film with a laser scribed edge can, for example, bewound without a fracture around a radius of 50 mm, a 30 μm thick glassfilm without a fracture around a radius of 24 mm or a 15 μm thick glassfilm without a fracture around a radius of 12 mm. A 50 μm thick glassfilm can also be wound without a fracture around a radius of 5 mm, orfor example, a winding radius of 2 mm is also possible. It has beenshown that in this thickness range, for example between approximately15-30 μm, an especially smooth surface is created by the thin draw.

In order to ensure fracture-free winding of thin glass the edges canalso be provided—through suitable measures such asfire-polishing—largely free of micro-cracks and with little roughness,so that winding of the glass ribbon can be provided with a lowprobability of failure due to fracture.

The possibility of manufacturing a wound glass roll having a certaindiameter is described by the probability of failure, meaning that theprobability of failure when winding a glass film ribbon, or respectivelythe glass film, when evaluating a multitude of glass films having alength of 1000 meters (m) and a thickness in the range of betweenapproximately 5 μm and 350 μm, for example 15 μm to 200 μm, onto a rollhaving a roll diameter in the range of 50 mm to 1000 mm, for example 150mm to 650 mm, is less than 1%.

Table 1 specifies the edge strengths for various glass films, in otherwords the tensions in megaPascals (MPa) which are created during windingof a glass film with a roll radius:

Diameter [mm] 75 175 250 375 500 AF32 eco E-Modulus 74.8 Glass thickness20 20 9 6 4 3 [μm] 50 50 21 15 10 7 70 70 30 21 14 10 100 100 43 30 2015 150 150 64 45 30 22 200 199 85 60 40 30 D263 T eco E-Modulus 72.9Glass thickness 20 19 8 6 4 3 [μm] 50 49 21 15 10 7 70 68 29 20 14 10100 97 42 29 19 15 150 146 62 44 29 22 200 194 83 58 39 29 MEMpaxE-Modulus 62.7 Glass thickness 20 17 7 5 3 3 [μm] 50 42 18 13 8 6 70 5925 18 12 9 100 84 36 25 17 13 150 125 54 38 25 19 200 167 72 50 33 25

These are the AF32eco, D263Teco and MEMpax glasses by SCHOTT AG., Mainz.Tension σ in MPa is specified in dependency on the glass thickness d inμm, as well as dependency on diameter D in mm of the wound glass roll.The formula for determining the edge strength, in other words thetension on the outside of the glass ribbon, is calculated as follows:

σ=E·y/r

Whereby E is the elasticity modulus (E-modulus), y is half the glassthickness d/2 of the glass ribbon which is to be wound and r is thewound radius of the wound glass ribbon.

With the values for σ from Table 1 and the knowledge of the probabilityof failure for a multitude of tests which are analyzed, the probabilityof failure P for a glass ribbon having a certain length and roll radiuscan be determined. The probability of failure represents aWeibull-distribution whose width is characterized by theWeibull-parameter.

The Weibull-distribution is a continuous probability distribution overthe cumulative positive real numbers which are used to describelifespans and rate of failure of brittle materials such as glasses. TheWeibull-distribution can be used to describe failure rates of technicalsystems. The Weibull-distribution is characterized by the broadness ofthe distribution, the so-called Weibull-modulus. It generally appliesthat the larger the modulus, the narrower the distribution.

If one conducts 2-point bending measurements with test lengths of 50 mm,the probability of failure of glass ribbons having a length L can bedetermined as follows with the knowledge of the Weibull-modulus:

${P\left( {L,r} \right)} = {1 - {\exp \left( {{- \frac{L}{l}}\left( \frac{\sigma (r)}{\mu} \right)^{\beta}} \right)}}$

P is the probability of failure of the glass ribbon having a length Land at a roll radius r; L is the length of the glass ribbon for whichthe probability or failure is determined; 1 is the relevant test lengthwhich is used in the 2-point test, for example l=50 mm. ó(r) is thetension which occurs through winding with roll radius, μ is the tensionβ determined in the 2-point bending test in the Weibull-modulus whichdescribes the width of the distribution and thereby the extensions tosmall strength properties.

The predetermination of the probability of failure makes it possiblethat, if one wishes to wind a glass ribbon having thickness d to aradius r, and having a winding length of 1000 m and wishes to achieve aprobability of failure of 1% (or less) and if the relevant test lengthof the 2-point measurement is 50 mm to establish the followingcondition:

${- 14.5} < {\beta \cdot {\ln \left( \frac{\sigma (r)}{\mu} \right)}}$

If one assumes σ(r) for the tension from table 1, then the followingresults for parameter a that characterizes the system and which is alsodefined as “figure of merit”:

$a = {\beta \cdot {\ln \left( \frac{\sigma (r)}{\mu} \right)}}$

Value α is, for example, increased with the assistance of the inventivemeasures, for example from 12 to 14.5, due to the increase of the edgestrength.

The glass film which is wound according to the present inventiongenerally has a thickness of a maximum of approximately 350 μm, forexample a maximum of 100 μm, a maximum of 50 μm, a maximum of 30 μm, ofat least 5 μm, at least 10 μm, or at least 15 μm. Here it isadvantageous that such a thin glass film can be wound on small radiiwithout a problem, due to their elasticity.

Exemplary glass film thicknesses include 15, 25, 30, 35, 50, 55, 80,100, 130, 160, 190, 280 μm.

The glass film which is wound according to the present invention canhave a fire-polished surface on at least one surface of its two sides,for example on the surface of both sides and on at least two edgeslocated opposite each other, in order to provide the previouslydescribed probability of failure.

On the surface the root mean square average (RMS) Rq is a maximum ofapproximately 1 nanometer, for example a maximum of 0.8 nanometer, or amaximum of 0.5 nanometer. The average surface roughness Ra on thesurface is a maximum of 2 nanometers, for example a maximum of 1.5nanometer, or a maximum of 1 nanometer, always measured over a length of670 μm. In one embodiment of the present invention these roughnessvalues characterize the surface of both sides of the glass film.However, the side of the glass film which is subject to tensile stressduring bending is in particular characterized by these roughness values.

This very smooth surface facilitates bending and winding of the glassfilm without the risk of disruptive fracturing due to tensile stresseson the glass surface, however also potentially results in lateralshifting of glass film layers relative to each other or respectivelyrelative to each other in the glass roll and, to a lesser extent,telescoping of the glass film layers and/or a lateral shifting andmovement of the wound glass on the winding core since the coefficient offriction of the glass surfaces is very low.

According to the present invention this is prevented in that the glassfilm layers are held in place on the glass roll by the intermediatematerial. In a wound state of the glass roll, the intermediate materialalways covers both sides of each glass film layer at least partially,for example over the entire surface. Initially at least one intermediatematerial layer is hereby wound onto the winding core. The first glassfilm layer is placed on this and the intermediate material and glassfilm are then wound alternately. When the entire glass film length hasbeen wound, one or several intermediate material layers are wound aroundthe outside of the glass roll in conclusion, in order to hold the lastglass film layer in place. The lowest, or respectively the innermost,intermediate material layer, in other words the contact layer betweenthe winding core and the first glass film layer can be providedalternatively also by another material or the winding core can be coatedwith a non-slip material. The last uppermost, or respectively theoutside intermediate material layer or several other layers, canalternatively or in addition be of another material—for example aspecial outside protective film or paper and/or adhesive or fasteningtape. It is important hereby that the uppermost glass film layer issecurely held in place, in order to maintain the pressure of theinterior intermediate layers.

According to the present invention, the intermediate material is woundduring the winding process with a certain pre-stress or respectively atensile stress at a magnitude great enough that the intermediatematerial is compressed or respectively stressed or also stretchedrelative to the compression, depending on the requirement. When windingin a roll-to roll process the glass film can also be wound at a certainpre-stress, or respectively a tensile stress at a magnitude great enoughthat the intermediate material is compressed or respectively stressedrelative to the compression. A light compression of the intermediatematerial is generally sufficient. The compression creates a dense,compact wound unit of glass film and intermediate material, which as arule is already sufficient for the glass film layers to be held inplace. The glass film layers are held in place by a compressedintermediate material.

In one embodiment of the present invention the intermediate materialpossesses a predefined resiliency and in its compressed state applies arestoring pressure with a corresponding relaxation force against theadjacent glass film surfaces. This ensures that the glass film layersare held in place especially securely. The glass film layers are held inplace in this case by a compressed intermediate material which exerts arestoring pressure against the glass film layers.

The intermediate material has, in interaction with the glass surface, acertain static friction which provides a measure of the fixation of theglass film layers against shifting. This static friction is increased bythe restoring pressure, or respectively the surface compression, of theintermediate material against the glass film surface, or respectivelythe restoring pressure or respectively the surface compression of theglass film against the intermediate material. Depending on theintermediate material and level of pre-stressing the restoring pressurewhich is exerted by the intermediate material layer can be 1 to 200 kPa(kilopascal). A third factor for holding in place the glass film in theglass roll is the adhesion of the intermediate material on the verysmooth glass surface. The adhesion is also increased by the compressiveforce of the intermediate material against the glass film surface orrespectively the compressive force of the glass film against theintermediate material. The intermediate material thus forms a frictionalconnection with the glass film in the glass roll due to static friction,causing the glass film to be held in place in the glass roll.

The greater the tensile stress of the intermediate material and/or theglass film is during winding, the less air is wound into the roll, whichin turn prevents oscillation or vibration of the glass film layers inthe compound arrangement in the glass roll. Depending on the pre-stressor tensile stress with which the intermediate material and/or the glassfilm are wound, a defined roll hardness is achieved. The greater theroll hardness, the more securely is the glass film held in the glassroll.

Moreover, all unevenness in the glass film is compensated for by thecompressible intermediate material. Increased stresses which can lead toa fracture in the glass film can thereby be avoided. Such unevenness is,for example, “warp” (larger waviness frozen-in by tension) and“waviness” (fine waviness on the surface) due to different thicknessprofiles.

Moreover, particulate inclusions of contaminants between the glass filmlayers are also collected by the compressible intermediate material, dueto which stress concentrations between particle and glass film arecompensated for and damages to the glass film can be avoided. However,these are only particles which were already present on its surface or onthe surface of the intermediate material prior to winding the glassfilm.

The glass roll according to the present invention moreover has theadvantage that due to the great roll hardness and holding the glass filmlayers due to the restoring pressure exerted upon the glass film by theintermediate material, a reliable sealing of the glass roll againstpenetration of contaminants between individual layers can be achieved.

In one embodiment of the present invention the intermediate materiallayers can also protrude laterally over the glass film edges in order toprovide protection for these against bumping. The protrusion is herebylimited such that the intermediate material layers do not catch on oneanother during unwinding of the glass roll.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides that in place of anintermediate layer which extends over the width of the wound roll oreven beyond, as described above, a narrower intermediate layer or amultitude of intermediate layers, for example intermediate layerribbons, are used whereby the width of the individual intermediate layerribbons is much less than the width of the wound glass ribbon. In thiscase, for example, the glass film has a first width and each of theintermediate material ribbons has a second width, wherein second widthB2 is much narrower than the first width B1.

The width of the intermediate layer ribbons has practically no influenceon the friction. If the width of the intermediate layer ribbons isreduced, the surface pressure increases automatically. The surfacepressure multiplied by the effective area results in the radial forcewhich, together with the coefficient of friction, results in thefriction. On the other hand, by using several glass ribbons, geometricunevenness, for example waviness and warp, can very easily becompensated. In contrast, with a full surface intermediate layerunevenness can only be absorbed in the compressibility of theintermediate layer material. Depending on the intermediate layermaterial very high forces are necessary in part which do not transfer tothe glass ribbon and, due to the glass strength and the associatedmissing rigidity, also cannot act upon the intermediate layer material.Since the forces are always balanced, the stresses will always form at acorrelative level depending upon the hardness of the intermediate layermaterial. With incompressible intermediate layer materials, for exampleclean room films, the entire stresses must thus be absorbed by the glassribbon.

In contrast there is the possibility to use narrow intermediate layerribbons. This has the advantage that the glass ribbon is held at adistance from one to the next glass layer.

Geographic unevenness however can extend right and left of the narrowintermediate layer ribbon or also in the spaces when using severalnarrow intermediate layer ribbons.

A certain one-sided curvature is conceivable. With such glass ribbons aneutral axis is defined. The neutral axis is the line along the glassribbon where the pressure and tensile forces cancel out if the glassribbon were to be wound with edges aligned precisely with equal distanceof the glass ribbon edges per wound layer. Since a glass ribbon having acurvature compared to other ribbon-like materials which are capable ofbeing wound cannot be stretched or compressed, a conical distance of theglass layers from one another or respectively a funnel-shaped wound rollresults when winding such a glass ribbon, whereby the inside of thefunnel-shaped wound roll must absorb the entire compressive load, whichgenerally leads to damage and fracturing of the edges.

To solve this problem, at least one intermediate layer ribbon is placedin the center of the glass ribbon along the neutral axis so that overthe width of the intermediate layer of the neutral axis, to the rightand left thereof winding can occur more or less compact. This type ofarrangement of a narrow intermediate layer ribbon in the center of thewidth of the glass ribbon is advantageous since glass ribbons when theycome from the draw process, for example from a down-draw line,oftentimes do not have parallel edges, but a certain curvature with aradius of, for example, one kilometer. If such glass ribbons are thenwound into rolls the problem occurs that the ribbons are woundfunnel-shaped. One side of the ribbon, that is the side of the ribbonfacing toward the outside, is hereby wound loosely. The other side, thatis the side facing the inside, is wound tightly. The entire pressure ofthe glass roll would thereby rest on the inside edge which could lead tofracture or damage of the glass edges. To prevent this, only a narrowstrip which can be arranged as a single strip or several strips isprovided as an intermediate layer, whereby the strip is arranged, forexample, centered so that the different distances of the individualwound glass layer sides or respectively edges can arrange themselvesfreely relative to each other and the pressure is centered on theintermediate material layer. The holding force which preventstelescoping of the glass roll is then applied in the center of the glassroll and not on an edge at which cracks or fractures could easily occur.The central placement of the intermediate layer thus ensures that theglass roll, or respectively wound glass roll, has sufficient stabilityand breaking resistance, for example with glass ribbons with nonparalleledges.

The width of the intermediate layer is much less than the width of theglass layer, or respectively the glass ribbons, and is, for example in arange of approximately 10 to 70% of the width of the glass ribbon, or 30to 50% of the width of the glass ribbon.

For use of narrow intermediate layer materials all the followingmaterials—as can also be used for one single layer—can be considered.These can be used in all widths, for example in the range ofapproximately 2 mm to 600 mm and in any desired number, for example 2 to300 pieces. The width of the individual intermediate layers can, forexample, range from approximately 0.1% to 10% of the total width of theglass layer. Cords, threads, powders and granulates are possible. It ismoreover possible that, if the intermediate layer is in the embodimentof an intermediate layer ribbon, the width of the intermediate layerribbon varies in the progression of the ribbon, in other words increasesor decreases. The width of the intermediate layer ribbon does notnecessarily have to be uniform over the entire length of the ribbon.

The intermediate material is any compressible material which is suitableas intermediate material. In particular, the thickness should also beconsistent with an economical application for the production of a glassroll. Porous materials whose gross density is lower than the density ofthe material mass (structural substance), for example soft elasticfoams, or foam films are feasible. These can be homogeneous foammaterials having a largely constant gross density over the crosssection, or they can be integral foams. Such integral foams have adifferent gross density distribution over the cross section, whereby thegross density decreases towards the cross sectional center. Such foamintermediate material layers have advantageous bending characteristicsand good adhesion on the almost pore-free surface.

Suitable intermediate materials are compressible materials such asfoams, embossed or other structured papers, cardboards, plastic films ofmetal foils in web form or loose in the form of powder, shreds orgranulations. Exemplary materials include compressible cardboard or afoam film, for example polyolefin foam, such as a cross-linkedpolyolefin foam or a foam film consisting essentially or completely ofpolyethylene or polyurethane. The foams are, for example, closed-cell.Moreover, compressible materials such as truck-tarpaulins or imitationleather are also suitable.

Moreover, multi-layer intermediate materials having a loose or solidcompound structure are also suitable, whereby there is, for example, amaterial in glass film contact on the surface of the compound structureand a material at the core of the compound structure which iscompressible. The core material may consist of several layers. The glassfilm contact material may also be arranged on only one surface of theintermediate material. The surface material is adapted to the contactwith the glass film surface. Here, a good chemical compatibility isconsidered so that no residues of the intermediate material, for examplesilicone, remain on the glass surface or that no ion diffusion occurs.It should also be avoided that a change of the aging process of theglass film surface proceeds differently across the surface which wouldbe particularly disadvantageous for subsequent coating processes andwhich could be caused, for example, by structured and heavily porousintermediate materials. The material at the core of the intermediatematerial compound structure is targeted toward good compression and isalso a good restoring force.

The thickness of the intermediate material is, for example, in the rangeof less than approximately 2 mm, less than 1 mm, or less than 0.5 mm. Inone embodiment where the glass ribbon has lateral laces—that isthickening in the edge region—the intermediate material is also thickerand can have a thickness of as much as approximately 8 mm. Moreover,several intermediate material layers can be wound on top of one anotherin order to create the necessary compensation between the thicker edgeregion and the thinner glass film across the width. A first intermediatematerial layer can also be arranged over the entire width of the glassfilm and above and/or below one or more narrower intermediate materiallayers can be arranged in the width of the thin glass film cross sectionbetween the glass film layers.

An exemplary intermediate material which, in interaction with afire-polished glass surface, has a static friction F_(S) in the range of0.15 to 10 Newton (N), for example 1 to 10 N, is feasible. Staticfriction is understood to be the stress peak which must be overcome sothat the intermediate material starts moving relative to the glasssurface.

An exemplary intermediate material is moreover feasible which, ininteraction with a fire-polished glass surface, has a frictional forceF_(D) in the range of 0.15 to 5 N, for example 0.2 to 2.5 N, or 1 to 2.5N. Frictional force is understood to be the averaged force across thetest path after overcoming the static friction which is necessary for arelative movement between the intermediate material and a glass surface.

The values for static friction F_(S) and frictional force F_(D) alwaysapply according to a measurement in compliance with DIN EN ISO 8295 onan electromechanical universal testing machine by Schenk-Trebel at astandard operating environment of 23° C. and 59% relative humidityaccording to DIN 50 014 at a standard force of 1.96 N.

In an additional embodiment according to the present invention, it maybe provided that the glass film is coated on at least one of its sideswith a plastic layer, for example a polymer layer.

In one particular embodiment this plastic layer represents theintermediate material. This offers the special advantage that windingand unwinding is clearly easier since no material which is separate fromthe glass film needs to be provided on a separate roll or needs to berewound onto a separate roll during unwinding.

The present invention also includes a method to manufacture a glassroll, including the provision of a glass film, a winding core and acompressible intermediate material, winding of at least one inside layerof the intermediate material onto the winding core, winding of the glassfilm and the intermediate material onto the winding core in such amanner that the glass film is wound onto the winding core in alternatinglayers with the intermediate material, whereby the intermediate materialand/or the glass film is wound at a tensile stress acting in alongitudinal direction which effects a compression of the intermediatematerial, as well as holding the glass film end in place on the glassroll.

The winding core may consist of any rigid material which has asufficient flexural rigidity and compressive resistance. Theintermediate material is advantageously provided wound onto a roll. Theglass film comes either in the form of a continuous ribbon from amanufacturing process such as the down-draw process or theoverflow-down-draw-fusion process, or is provided wound as a glass roll.

From the intermediate material one or several layers are first woundonto the winding core, thus creating a wedge between the incomingintermediate material and that which is already wound. The start of thelength of the glass film ribbon which is to be wound is inserted intothis wedge and is wound in layers alternating with the intermediatematerial.

The glass film is thus covered on both surfaces, for example over theentire surfaces with the intermediate material. The intermediatematerial is hereby fed to the winding process and wound onto the glassroll at a certain pre-stress or respectively tensile stress acting inthe longitudinal direction, whereby the speed of unwinding theintermediate material supply roll and winding of the glass roll arecontrolled in relation to one another. The intermediate material supplyroll is always decelerated appropriately. The tensile stress is alwaysmeasured via sensors and controlled accordingly. If the glass film ispulled from a roll, then the glass film too can be fed to the windingprocess and wound onto the glass roll at a certain pre-stress orrespectively tensile stress acting in its longitudinal direction. Inthis case both the intermediate material and the glass film can be fedto the winding process and wound onto the glass roll at a certainpre-stress or respectively tensile stress acting in its longitudinaldirection. In each case the tensile stress is adjusted so that a desiredwinding hardness is achieved and that the intermediate materialundergoes a compression.

Once the end of the length of glass film ribbon which is to be wound isplaced, one or several more layers of intermediate material are woundaround the glass roll to hold the outer glass film layer and the glassfilm end in place. In addition or alternatively, an outer envelopment ofthe glass roll with another material such as a padded outer protectivefilm, a paper or adhesive- or fastening tape can occur. It is herebyimportant that the uppermost glass film layer is securely held in placein order to avoid the glass film layers becoming loose and to maintain arestoring pressure on the intermediate layers.

The present invention includes moreover the use of a compressiblematerial, for example a foam film as intermediate material between aglass film in a glass roll, whereby the intermediate material can bewound onto a winding core alternatively with the glass film in at leastalways two layers, and the intermediate material layers can hold theglass film layers in place. Such foam films are formed, for example, ofpolyolefin foam, such as a cross-linked polyolefin foam or also apolyethylene or polyurethane.

The present invention advantageously provides a simple and compact glassroll whereby lateral flanges and other expensive devices and packagingmaterials can be foregone, since the glass roll on the winding core isself-supporting and in itself stable with high protection for the woundglass film. The inventive glass roll can be transported vertical ortilted, that is with perpendicular or tilted axis, thus providing alarge degree of freedom in handling of the glass roll. A glass roll ofthis type normally has a width of 300 to 1500 mm and an outside diameterof 300 to 1000 mm. The weight of such a roll is approximately 30 to 200kilograms (kg). For longer transports or extended storage the glass rollcan also be wrapped in a protective cover of a suitable packaging,depending upon transportation requirements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention,and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and theinvention will be better understood by reference to the followingdescription of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates the cross section of a glass roll according to thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a winding device to produce a glassroll according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative winding device to FIG. 2, to produce aglass roll according to the present invention;

FIGS. 4A-4B illustrate the longitudinal section of a wound glass rollaccording to the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates the weight force and the friction in dependency uponthe number of wound layers for one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A illustrates a top view onto a glass ribbon placed in a plane ona glass roll, with a curvature of the edges according to the presentinvention; and

FIG. 6B illustrates a section through a glass roll with woundintermediate layers whose width is less than the width of the glassroll, whereby the glass ribbon in the plane can have a curvature asillustrated in FIG. 6A.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding partsthroughout the several views. The exemplifications set out hereinillustrate embodiments of the invention and such exemplifications arenot to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in anymanner.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, there isshown glass roll 1 including three intermediate material layers woundonto one winding core 2 and forming the inside intermediate materiallayer 41. Subsequently, the glass film and the intermediate material arewound in alternate layers, so that n glass layers 6 and n intermediatematerial layers 4 are deposited on glass roll 1. The outsideintermediate material layer 42 is furthermore depicted boldly withadditional intermediate material layers. To secure outside intermediatematerial layer 42 against independent unwinding one or several fasteningtapes 12 are placed around the outside of glass roll 1. Intermediatematerial layers 4 are compressed and act upon glass film layers 6 with arestoring pressure of 50 to 100 kPa so that glass roll 1 is compact andpre-stressed in itself and that glass film layers 6 are held in theglass roll.

To produce such a glass roll 1 according to FIG. 1, a winding mechanism,for example according to FIG. 2, is used. A continuous glass film ribbon5 having a width of approximately 500 mm and a thickness ofapproximately 50 μm is formed and drawn in a down-draw line which is notillustrated here. It is transported by conveyor belt 11 to guide rollerpair 8, 10 and from there to glass roll 1 which is to be wound. Mountedon a non-illustrated drive shaft is a winding core 2 consisting ofsturdy cardboard and having a core diameter of, for example, 400 mm ontowhich initially three layers of an intermediate material 3 are woundwhich form inside intermediate material layer 41. Intermediate material3 is a foam film consisting of cross-linked closed cell polyolefin foamhaving a thickness of 1 mm as offered, for example under the brand nameAlveolit TA 1001 by Sekisui Alveo AG, Lucerne. Intermediate material 3is provided by and unwound from an intermediate material supply roll 7.It is hereby guided around intermediate material guide roller 8 andwound onto winding core 2 which rotates in a direction opposite tointermediate material supply roll 7.

After winding the three inside intermediate material layers 41 the startof glass film ribbon 5 is inserted into the wedge which is formed byintermediate material layer 41 and incoming intermediate material 3, sothat the glass film is moved along by developing glass roll 1, orrespectively the driven winding core, and is embedded between the layersof intermediate material 3. Glass film 5 and intermediate material 3 arenow wound as alternating layers in respectively n layers, until a totalglass film length of approximately 1000 m is wound onto glass roll 1.

The glass film is subsequently cut to length. For this purpose amechanical scoring and/or a separating method are applied by use of alaser, for example a laser scribing method. In the latter the glass isheated along a precisely defined line by a bundled laser beam, normallya CO₂ laser beam, and a thermal stress is produced in the glass by animmediately following cold jet of compressed air or air-liquid mixtureof a magnitude that the glass cracks along the predefined edge.Subsequently several more, for example at least two 2, layers ofintermediate material 3 are wound around the glass roll to createoutside intermediate material layer 42. To prevent independent unwindingof outside intermediate material layers 42 they are held in place withthree fastening tapes 12. These prevent a decompression of entire glassroll 1, so that glass roll 1 can be securely stored and transported withtightly secured glass film layers 6. The glass roll has an outsidediameter of approximately 650 mm and a weight of approximately 110 kg.

Intermediate material 3 is wound onto winding core 2 or respectivelyonto glass film layers 6 under a pre-stress or respectively tensilestress acting in a longitudinal direction so that it is positioned ascompressed intermediate material layers 4, 41, and 42 underneath and/orabove individual glass film layers 6. In order to control thepre-stress, or respectively the tensile stress, a sensor 9 is connectedto intermediate material guide roller 8 which measures the tensile forceof intermediate material 3 between driven glass roll 1, or respectivelythe winding core and brake-equipped intermediate material supply roll 7.Sensor 9 is for example a tension measuring roller which measures thepressure which results from the intermediate material wrapping aroundroll 8, depending on the brake effect of brake device 13. Depending upona predefined desired value the intermediate material supply roll 7 isbraked by a brake device 13 to an extent which is required to adjust thedesired tensile force. This always longitudinally oriented tensile forcecauses a pre-stress in wound intermediate material 3 which then alwaysacts upon the glass film layer which was last wound. In the endeavor toagain expand, it applies a restoring pressure in glass roll 1 upon glassfilm layers 6, thus holding them in place in the glass roll.Intermediate material 3 is at the same time stretched due to the tensileforce. In an effort to retract again in its length it exerts anadditional force upon glass film layers 6 in glass roll 1, therebyholding them in place in the glass roll.

In another example according to the present invention a glass film isprovided by a glass film supply roll and is fed via guide roller pair 8,10 to glass roll 1 which is to be wound. Winding core 2, or respectivelyglass roll 1 which is to be wound, is also mounted in this case on adriven device. In this case this device not only pulls intermediatematerial 3 from intermediate material supply roll 7, but also glass film5 from the glass film supply roll. In this example glass film 5 is alsowound at a pre-stress or respectively tensile stress onto glass roll 1,whereby a brake device in the unwind unit and a sensor in the glass filmguide roll is provided for the glass film supply roll. The sensormeasures the tensile force of the glass film. The unwind device for theglass film supply roll is braked via a control unit to the extent thatthe required tensile force is adjusted. This permits reliable adjustmentto a defined wound roll hardness and compression of intermediatematerial 3 in glass roll 1, thus securely holding glass film layers 6 inplace in glass roll 1.

Referring now to FIG. 3, there is shown an example of an alternativewinding device to that illustrated in FIG. 1 for the production of aglass roll according to the present invention. Here a differentlyoriented winding device is provided for the glass roll which, dependingupon the circumstances, is advantageous in the supply of the glass film.In order to provide a wedge for inserting the glass film in thisembodiment after pre-depositing inside intermediate material layer 41,an additional intermediate material supply roll 71 is provided.Intermediate material from both supply rolls 7 and 71 is wound ontowinding core 2 to form intermediate material layer 41. The start of theribbon of glass film 5 is inserted in the resulting wedge so that theglass film 5 is carried along by the resulting glass roll 1 orrespectively by the driven winding core and is embedded between thelayers of intermediate material 3 and 31. After a few wound layersintermediate material 31 is severed so that subsequently onlyintermediate material 3 is wound in n layers in alternating layers withglass film 5 until a total glass film length of 1000 mm is wound onglass roll 1.

The glass film is subsequently cut to size and additional, at least 2more layers of intermediate material 3 are wound around the glass rollto form outer intermediate material layer 42. Outside intermediatematerial layers 42 are wrapped with a strong adhesive tape in order toprevent independent unwinding of them. This avoids a decompression ofentire glass roll 1, so that it can be securely stored and transportedwith glass film layers 6 securely held in place. The glass roll has anoutside diameter of approximately 650 mm and a weight of approximately110 kg.

Intermediate material 3 and 31 is wound onto winding core 2 orrespectively onto glass film layers 6 under a pre-stress or respectivelytensile stress acting in the longitudinal direction so that it ispositioned as compressed intermediate material layers 4, 41, 42underneath and/or above individual glass film layers 6. In order tocontrol the pre-stress, or respectively the tensile stress, sensor 9 isconnected to the intermediate material guide roller 8 which measures thetensile force of intermediate material 3 between driven glass roll 1, orrespectively the winding core and brake-equipped intermediate materialsupply roll 7. Depending upon a predefined desired value intermediatematerial supply roll 7 is braked by brake device 13 to an extent whichis required to adjust the desired tensile force. The tensile force ofintermediate material 31 is adjusted via braking device 131, which actsupon intermediate material supply roll 71, depending upon the speed ofrotation of winding core 2. This always longitudinally oriented tensileforce causes a pre-stress in wound intermediate material 3, 31 whichthen always acts upon the glass film layer which was last wound. In theendeavor to again expand, it applies a restoring pressure in glass roll1 upon glass film layers 6, thus holding them in place in the glassroll. Intermediate material 3, 31 is at the same time stretched due tothe tensile force. In an effort to retract again in its length it exertsan additional force upon glass film layers 6 in glass roll 1, therebyholding them in place in the glass roll.

Referring now to FIGS. 4A and 4B, there is shown a wound roll 1000 wherea glass ribbon was wound with intermediate layers onto a cylinder 1100in the form of a winding core having a radius r. FIG. 4A illustrates avertically positioned wound roll 1000 and FIG. 4B shows a longitudinalsection of wound roll 1000. Wound roll 1000 consists of a plurality ofglass layers 1110 which are separated from the respective adjacent layerby an intermediate layer or respectively intermediate layers 1020. Inone embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the glasslayer is approximately 0.05 mm and that of the intermediate layerapproximately 0.5 mm.

The radial force acting upon the roll is identified as FR, the weightforce of the roll as FG. The extent of the radial force is determined bythe pre-stress force FV with which the glass roll is wound and which isessentially applied by the intermediate layer. To avoid that side wall1200 of the wound roll shifts parallel to the axis, or respectivelyshifts axially, and wound roll 1000 thus telescopes, radial forceFR—which again in addition to the number of layers n in the wound rolland the coefficient of friction μ determines friction FF between thematerial to be wound and the core—must be greater than weight force FG.

When knowing parameters μ for the coefficient of friction and the numberof layers n, friction FF between the material which is to be wound andthe winding core result:

FF=PF*AF*μ=FR*μ*n

For the weight force the following results from the above example:

${FG} = {{m*g} = {\left( {t\; 1*b*\pi*\left( {{2r*n} + {2*\left( {{t\; 1} + {t\; 2}} \right)*\left( {n*\frac{n + 1}{2}} \right)}} \right)} \right)*\rho*g}}$

whereby t1 identifies the glass thickness, n again the number of woundlayers, t2 the thickness of the intermediate layer, ρ the specific glassweight and g the g-acceleration. If the requirement is for friction FFto be greater than the weight force of the wound roll then thepre-stress at a predetermined number n of layers in the wound roll caneasily be determined because of FV=FR.

FIG. 4B illustrates a longitudinal section of a wound roll where theroll radius of winding core r is shown, as well as pre-stress force FVwith which the roll is wound and which again determines the radial forcein the wound roll. According to the present invention the pre-stressforce is applied, for example in the intermediate layer.

Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown forces FR in Newton and FG inNewton which result from the aforementioned formulas for one embodimentwith a pre-stress force of FV=0.7 Newton, ρ=2.3 kilograms per cubicdecimeter (kg/dm³), a thickness t1 of 0.05 mm for the glass layer andt2=0.5 mm for the intermediate layer, whereby the coefficient offriction is μ=1.1 and the roll radius was r=200 mm. The selected glassmaterial width was b=400 mm.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, at the selected parameters the weight forceFG is always lower than friction FF which results from radial force FR.The radial force is again adjusted by the pre-stress force. Only at anumber of approximately 180 to 190 layers the curves of FG and frictionFF intersect in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, so that for morethan 200 layers the static friction between the layers is no longersufficient to compensate the weight force and to ensure that notelescoping of the wound roll occurs.

Even though the embodiment in this case is provided for a specialglass—AF32eco by Schott AG and an exemplary pre-stress of FV=0.7 Newtonwas specified it is possible with the previously specified formulas todetermine for any glass type and pre-stress at what number of glasslayers telescoping of the glass roll occurs, or respectively whatpre-stress force is necessary with a predetermined number of glasslayers in order to prevent telescoping.

The alkaline-free glass AF 32 eco had the following composition inweight-%:

SiO₂ 61 Al₂O₃ 18 B₂O₃ 10 CaO 5 BaO 3 MgO 3

The transformation temperature Tg of the glass is 717° C. Its density is2.43 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³). The root mean square average Rqof the top and underside of the glass film is between 0.4 and 0.5 nm.The surface is therefore extremely smooth.

Referring now to the FIGS. 6A and 6B there is shown an embodimentwherein several glass layers 2100 are wound onto a winding core 2000around axis A. Intermediate layers 2130 between individual glass layers2100 do not extend over the entire width B of the wound glass roll.Width B2 of the intermediate material, or respectively intermediatelayer 2130, is clearly shorter than width B1 of the glass layers.

The structure of the wound roll can be seen in FIG. 6B. FIG. 6A is a topview of the unwound glass ribbon 2110 which forms several glass layers2100 when being wound onto winding core 2000. As can be seen in FIG. 6A,edges 2120.1, 2120.2 of glass ribbon 2110 are not parallel, but have acertain curvature. Inside edge 2120.1 can, for example, be described bya radius of curvature RB1, the outside by a radius of curvature RB2.Radius of curvature is RB1; RB2 is very large and is in the range of,for example, one to several kilometers. Radius of curvature RB1 ofinside edge 2120.1 is generally smaller than radius of curvature RB2 ofoutside edge 2120.2. If a glass ribbon as illustrated in FIG. 6B is nowwound into a wound roll as shown in FIG. 6A, the distance between theindividual glass layers without compensating intermediate layer wouldgenerally be greater on outside edge 2120.2 than on inside edge 2120.1.In other words, the pressure in the wound roll would be greatest atinside edge 2120.1. These effects can be compensated by the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 6A wherein intermediate layer 2130 whose width issubstantially less than that of the glass layers is placed in the centerof glass ribbon 2100. A wound roll is thus obtained which allows anessentially free spacing and thereby stress-free winding of theindividual glass layers left and right of the intermediate layer onoutside edge 2120.2 and inside edge 2120.1.

Even though only one single intermediate layer ribbon is shown asintermediate layer 2130 in FIG. 6B it is possible to provide a pluralityof such intermediate layers in order to cover the entire width B1 of theglass. It is however preferred to provide only one centered intermediatelayer to compensate curved glass ribbons.

As previously outlined, geometric unevenness of the glass surface, suchas waviness and warp can easily be compensated by the intermediatelayers which extend only over a part of width B1 of the entire glasslayer without force transmission into the respective material of theintermediate layer increasing excessively, either locally or over aregion.

The present invention includes aspects which are disclosed in thefollowing clauses, which are part of the description but which are notclaims.

Clauses

-   1. A glass roll includes at least one glass film and one    intermediate material which are wound one on top of the other in at    least two layers onto a winding core. The glass film layers are held    in place by the intermediate material layers.-   2. The glass roll according to clause 1, wherein the glass film    layers are held in place by a compressed intermediate material.-   3. The glass roll according to clause 2, wherein the glass film    layers are held in place by a compressed intermediate material which    applies a restoring pressure against the glass film layers.-   4. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein    the intermediate material is in the embodiment of a foam film.-   5. The glass roll according to clause 4, wherein the intermediate    material is a polyolefin foam, for example a cross-linked polyolefin    foam.-   6. The glass roll according to one of the clauses 1 to 3, wherein    the intermediate material is an embossed or other structured paper    or cardboard.-   7. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein    the glass film has a thickness of a maximum of 350 μm, for example a    maximum of 100 μm, a maximum of 50 μm, or a maximum of 30 μm.-   8. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein    the glass film has a thickness of at least 5 μm, for example at    least 10 μm, or at least 15 μm.-   9. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses, wherein    the glass film has a fire-polished surface on at least one surface    of its two sides,-   10. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the glass film has a root mean square average (RMS) Rq on at    least one surface of its two sides of a maximum of 1 nanometer, for    example a maximum of 0.8 nanometers, or a maximum of 0.5 nanometer.-   11. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the glass film has an average surface roughness Ra on at    least one surface of its two sides of a maximum of 2 nanometers, for    example a maximum of 1.5 nanometers, or a maximum of 1 nanometer.-   12. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the glass film is coated on at least one of its sides with a    plastic layer, such as a polymer layer.-   13. The glass roll according to clause 12, wherein the plastic layer    provides the intermediate material.-   14. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the intermediate material is formed by several intermediate    material layers.-   15. The glass roll according to clause 14, wherein the several    intermediate material layers have different widths.-   16. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the intermediate material layers protrude laterally over the    glass film layers.-   17. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the glass film layers are held in place by the intermediate    material layers due to a static friction F_(S) in the range of 0.15    to 10 N, for example 1 to 10 N which acts between the glass film    layers and the intermediate material layers.-   18. The glass roll according to one of the preceding clauses,    wherein the glass film layers are held in place by the intermediate    material layers due to a frictional force F_(D) in the range of 0.15    to 5 N, for example 0.2 to 2.5 N or to 2.5 N which acts between the    glass film layers and the intermediate material layers.-   19. A method to produce a glass roll in accordance with the    preceding clauses, includes the following steps:    -   a) provision of a glass film, a winding core and a compressible        intermediate material;    -   b) winding of at least one inside layer of the intermediate        material onto the winding core;    -   c) winding of the glass film and the intermediate material onto        the winding core in such a manner that the glass film is wound        onto the winding core in alternating layers with the        intermediate material, whereby the intermediate material and/or        the glass film is wound at a tensile stress acting in a        longitudinal direction which causes a compression of the        intermediate material; and    -   d) holding the glass film end in place on the glass roll.-   20. The method to produce a glass roll according to clause 17,    wherein the glass film end is held in place by at least one outer    layer of the intermediate material.-   21. Use of a compressible material, for example a foam film, as the    intermediate material between a glass film in a glass roll, wherein    the intermediate material is wound onto a winding core alternatively    with the glass film in at least always two layers, and the glass    film layers can be held in place by the intermediate material    layers.

While this invention has been described with respect to at least oneembodiment, the present invention can be further modified within thespirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is thereforeintended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the inventionusing its general principles. Further, this application is intended tocover such departures from the present disclosure as come within knownor customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains andwhich fall within the limits of the appended claims.

COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION LIST

(1) Glass roll (2) Winding core (3, 31) Intermediate material (4)Intermediate material layer (41) Inner intermediate material layer (42)Outer intermediate material layer (5) Glass film (6) Glass film layer(7, 71) Intermediate material supply roll (8) Intermediate materialguide roller (9) Sensor (10) Glass film guide roll (11) Conveyor (12)Fastening tape (13, 131) Braking device (1000) Wound roll (1020)Intermediate layer (1110) Glass layer (1200) Side wall (2000) Windingcore (2100) Glass layer (2110) Glass ribbon (2120.1, 2120.2) Insideedge/Outside edge (2130) Intermediate layer

What is claimed is:
 1. A glass roll, comprising: a winding core; atleast one glass film having a fire-polished surface on at least onesurface of two sides of said at least one glass film, said at least oneglass film having a root mean square average on at least one saidsurface of said two sides of a maximum of 1 nanometer (nm); and anintermediate material wound with said at least one glass film one on topof another onto said winding core in at least two layers defining aplurality of glass film layers and a plurality of intermediate filmlayers, said intermediate material layers holding said glass film layersin place.
 2. The glass roll according to claim 1, said intermediatelayers holding said glass film layers in place being formed of acompressed intermediate material.
 3. The glass roll according to claim2, said compressed intermediate material being configured to apply arestoring pressure against said glass film layers.
 4. The glass rollaccording to claim 1, said intermediate material being a foam film. 5.The glass roll according to claim 4, said intermediate material being apolyolefin foam.
 6. The glass roll according to claim 1, saidintermediate material being one of a structured paper, an embossed paperand a structured cardboard.
 7. The glass roll according to claim 1, saidat least one glass film having a thickness of a maximum of approximately350 micrometers (μm).
 8. The glass roll according to claim 7, saidthickness of said at least one glass film being at least 5 μm.
 9. Theglass roll according to claim 1, wherein at least one said surface ofsaid at least one glass film has an average surface roughness of amaximum of 2 nm.
 10. The glass roll according to claim 1, said at leastone glass film being coated on at least one of said two sides with aplastic layer.
 11. The glass roll according to claim 10, said plasticlayer forming said intermediate material.
 12. The glass roll accordingto claim 1, wherein said intermediate material is a plurality ofmaterial layers.
 13. The glass roll according to claim 12, wherein saidintermediate material layers have a plurality of different widths. 14.The glass roll according to claim 13, wherein said intermediate materiallayers protrude laterally over said glass film layers.
 15. The glassroll according to claim 1, wherein said glass film layers are held inplace by a force acting between said intermediate material layers andsaid glass film layers, said force including at least one of: a staticfriction in a range of between 0.15 and 10 Newtons (N); and a frictionalforce in a range of between 0.15 and 5 N.
 16. The glass roll accordingto claim 1, wherein a pre-stress force (FV) is selected such thatfriction (FF) is greater than a force of weight (FG) of said wound rollusing a plurality of parameters of said at least one glass filmincluding: a material width (b); a roll radius (r); a thickness (t1); athickness of said intermediate layers (t2); a coefficient of friction(μ); a glass density (p); and a known number (n) of wound layers of saidat least one glass film.
 17. A glass roll comprising: a winding core; atleast one glass film having a first width; and an intermediate materialhaving a second width narrower than said first width and including atleast one intermediate layer ribbon or an intermediate layer, said atleast one glass film and said intermediate material being wound ontosaid winding core on top of one another in at least two layers defininga plurality of glass film layers and a plurality of intermediatematerial layers, said intermediate material holding said glass filmlayers in place.
 18. The glass roll according to claim 17, wherein saidsecond width of said intermediate material is in a range of betweenapproximately 10% and 70% of said first width of said at least one glassfilm.
 19. The glass roll according to claim 17, wherein said secondwidth of said intermediate material is in a range of betweenapproximately 2 millimeters (mm) and 600 mm.
 20. The glass rollaccording to claim 17, wherein a number of said intermediate layers orsaid intermediate layer ribbons is in a range of between 1 and
 300. 21.The glass roll according to claim 17, wherein said intermediate materialis a plurality of one of cords and threads.
 22. The glass roll accordingto claim 21, said intermediate material is distributed over said firstwidth of said at least one glass film such that a geometric unevennessin a surface of said at least one glass film in a width direction issubstantially compensated for.
 23. The glass roll according to claim 22,said geometric unevenness being at least one of waviness and warp insaid surface of said at least one glass film.
 24. The glass rollaccording to claim 17, said intermediate material being a compressedintermediate material.
 25. The glass roll according to claim 24, saidcompressed intermediate material being configured to apply a restoringpressure against said glass film layers.
 26. The glass roll according toclaim 25, said intermediate material being a foam film.
 27. The glassroll according to claim 26, said intermediate material being apolyolefin foam.
 28. The glass roll according to claim 17, saidintermediate material being one of an embossed paper, a structured paperand a cardboard.
 29. The glass roll according to claim 17, said at leastone glass film having a thickness of a maximum of approximately 350 μm.30. The glass roll according to claim 17, said thickness of said atleast one glass film being at least 5 μm.
 31. The glass roll accordingto claim 17, said at least one glass film having two sides, each saidside defining a surface, at least one of said two sides having a firepolished surface.
 32. The glass roll according to claim 17, said atleast one glass film having on at least one said surface a root meansquare average of a maximum of approximately 1 nm.
 33. The glass rollaccording to claim 17, said at least one glass film having on at leastone said surface an average surface roughness of a maximum ofapproximately 2 nm.
 34. The glass roll according to claim 17, whereinsaid at least one glass film is coated on at least one of said two sideswith a plastic layer.
 35. The glass roll according to claim 34, saidplastic layer providing said intermediate material.
 36. The glass rollaccording to claim 17, said intermediate material including a pluralityof material layers.
 37. The glass roll according to claim 36, saidmaterial layers having a plurality of different widths.
 38. The glassroll according to claim 17, said intermediate material layers protrudinglaterally over said glass film layers.
 39. The glass roll according toclaim 17, said glass film layers being held in place by a force actingbetween said glass film layers and said intermediate material layers,said force including at least one of: a static friction in a range ofbetween 0.15 and 10 Newtons (N); and a frictional force in a range ofbetween 0.15 and 5 N.
 40. The glass roll according to claim 17, whereina pre-stress force (FV) is selected such that friction (FF) is greaterthan a force of weight (FG) of said wound roll using a plurality ofparameters of said at least one glass film including: a material width(b); a roll radius (r); a thickness (t1); a thickness of saidintermediate layers (t2); a coefficient of friction (μ); a glass density(p); and a known number (n) of wound layers of said at least one glassfilm.
 41. A method of producing a glass roll, the method comprising thesteps of: providing a glass film, a winding core and a compressibleintermediate material; winding at least one inside layer of saidcompressible intermediate material onto said winding core; winding saidglass film and said compressible intermediate material onto said windingcore such that said glass film is wound onto said winding core in aplurality of alternating layers with said intermediate material, atleast one of said intermediate material and said glass film being woundat a tensile stress acting in a longitudinal direction causing acompression of said intermediate material; and holding an end of saidglass film in place on the glass roll.
 42. The method according to claim41, said glass film end being held in place by at least one outer layerof said intermediate material.
 43. The method according to claim 41,said compressible intermediate material wound onto said winding corealternatingly in at least two layers, said glass film layers being heldin place by said intermediate material layers.